Betta (Zorro)

Masked like a fox, this tiny bandit patrols hard, alkaline waters.

Meet Zorro, the striking aggressive cichlid that thrives in high pH water. Ideal for experienced aquarists, this 4-5cm fish adds drama to any African cichlid tank.

• Water Conditions: Zorro is an African cichlid that demands specific water parameters to thrive. Native to the hard, alkaline waters of Lake Malawi, this species requires a pH between 7.8 and 8.6, with a general hardness (dGH) of 10 to 20. Temperature should be maintained between 24°C and 28°C (75°F to 82°F). Stability is crucial; sudden fluctuations in pH or temperature can cause stress, leading to illness such as ich or Malawi bloat. The aquarium should have robust filtration to handle the heavy bioload of cichlids, and moderate to strong water flow to mimic their natural environment. Ammonia and nitrite must always read zero, and nitrate should be kept below 20 ppm through regular water changes. A tank of at least 120 litres (30 gallons) is recommended for a small group, but larger volumes (200 litres+) are better for diluting aggression. Decorate with plenty of rocks, caves, and sandy substrate to create territories. Avoid using driftwood or peat, as these lower pH. Instead, use crushed coral or limestone to buffer the water and maintain high alkalinity. Testing your water regularly with a liquid test kit is essential for long-term success with Zorro.
• Suitable Tank Mates: Zorro's aggressive and territorial nature means choosing tank mates requires careful consideration. This fish is best kept in a species-specific setup or with other robust African cichlids from Lake Malawi, particularly mbuna. Suitable companions include Labidochromis caeruleus (yellow labs), Pseudotropheus species, Melanochromis auratus, and Cynotilapia afra. These fish share similar water requirements and can hold their own against Zorro's occasional bullying. Avoid mixing Zorro with peaceful community fish like tetras, guppies, or angelfish—they will be harassed or eaten. Also, do not house Zorro with other fish that have similar body shape or coloration, as this can trigger extreme aggression. A single male can be kept with multiple females in a harem, but multiple males will fight relentlessly. To reduce aggression, overstock the tank slightly (but maintain excellent filtration) and provide numerous hiding spots. Bottom-dwelling Synodontis catfish can work well as they occupy different areas. Never add small invertebrates like shrimp or snails; they will become snacks. Always quarantine new tank mates before introduction to prevent disease outbreaks.
• Feeding Habits: Zorro is an omnivore with a strong preference for plant matter. In the wild, it grazes on algae and aufwuchs, so a diet high in vegetable content is essential to prevent digestive issues like Malawi bloat. Offer high-quality spirulina-based flake or pellet food as the staple. Supplement with blanched zucchini, cucumber, spinach, or romaine lettuce attached to a rock or clip. Live and frozen foods such as brine shrimp, daphnia, and bloodworms can be given once or twice a week as treats, but avoid overfeeding protein-rich foods, which can lead to obesity and bloat. Feed small amounts two to three times daily, ensuring all food is consumed within one to two minutes. Remove any uneaten food to maintain water quality. Juveniles need more frequent feedings (3-4 times daily) to support growth. Adults can be fed twice daily. Variety is key to providing balanced nutrition and keeping their colors vibrant. Always soak dry foods in tank water before feeding to reduce the risk of air ingestion. Observe your fish during feeding to ensure everyone gets enough; aggressive individuals may hog food. If necessary, use a feeding ring or target feed shy fish.
• Care Requirements: Caring for Zorro requires dedication and consistency. Perform a 25-30% water change weekly using a gravel vacuum to remove detritus. Match the temperature and pH of the new water to the tank to avoid shock. Use a good water conditioner to remove chlorine and chloramine. Maintain a strong filtration system—a canister filter or hang-on-back filter rated for at least twice the tank volume. Clean filter media monthly in tank water to preserve beneficial bacteria. Provide a tight-fitting lid, as Zorro is known to jump. Create a rocky aquascape with caves and crevices to reduce aggression and provide territories. Use a sandy substrate to allow digging behavior. Monitor for signs of illness: clamped fins, loss of appetite, white stringy feces, or bloating. Quarantine new fish for at least two weeks. Acclimate Zorro using the drip method over 45 minutes. With proper care, Zorro can live 5-8 years. Keep a journal of water parameters and maintenance to spot trends. Avoid overcrowding, but do not understock either, as this can intensify aggression. Regular observation is key to a healthy, thriving cichlid.