The Melanotaenia splendida, commonly known as the Rainbowfish, is a stunning and popular freshwater fish species among aquarium enthusiasts. Hailing from Australia and New Guinea, these fish are renowned for their vibrant colors and active behavior. Let's explore the key features and care requirements of the Melanotaenia splendida:

Appearance:

• Rainbowfish exhibit striking colors that vary among species, including shades of blue, green, red, and yellow.
• They are characterized by a slender, elongated body and a deeply forked tail, adding to their graceful appearance.

Water Conditions:

• Temperature: Maintain a tropical environment between 72°F to 82°F (22°C to 28°C).
• pH Levels: Aim for slightly acidic to neutral water conditions, ideally between 6.5 to 7.5.
• Water Hardness: Keep water hardness in the moderate range, around 5 to 15 dGH.

Tank Size and Setup:

• Rainbowfish thrive in a well-planted aquarium of at least 30 gallons to provide ample swimming space.
• Utilize a substrate of fine gravel or sand, and include driftwood, rocks, and live plants to mimic their natural habitat.

Tank Mates:

• Rainbowfish are generally peaceful and can coexist with a variety of community fish.
• Suitable tank mates include other peaceful species such as tetras, rasboras, dwarf cichlids, and catfish. Avoid keeping them with aggressive or fin-nipping species.

Feeding Habits:

• Rainbowfish are omnivores and accept a varied diet.
• Provide high-quality flakes, pellets, and supplement their diet with live or frozen foods such as brine shrimp, daphnia, and bloodworms.

Care and Maintenance:

• Regular water changes are crucial to maintain water quality, and consistent monitoring of parameters with reliable test kits is recommended.
• Rainbowfish appreciate well-oxygenated water, so ensure proper filtration and water circulation in the aquarium.

Schooling Behavior:

• Rainbowfish are known for their schooling behavior, and they should be kept in groups of at least six individuals.
• A larger group helps reduce stress and encourages natural behaviors.

Breeding Behavior:

• Rainbowfish are egg layers, and breeding can occur in a well-maintained aquarium.
• Provide suitable spawning sites with fine-leaved plants, and separate the adults from the eggs to increase fry survival rates.

Varieties:

• There are various species within the Melanotaenia splendida complex, each with its unique coloration and characteristics. Some popular varieties include the Melanotaenia splendida "Boesemani" and Melanotaenia splendida "Turquoise."