Leopard Ctenopoma (2.5–3 cm) – a hardy, predatory African fish with stunning leopard-like spots. Ideal for species or predator tanks with experienced keepers.

The Leopard Ctenopoma (Ctenopoma acutirostre) is an attractive and fascinating African fish species known for its unique leopard-like pattern and predatory nature. Native to slow-moving rivers and swamps in Central Africa, this species is part of the Anabantidae family, sharing the labyrinth organ trait with Gouramis and Bettas, allowing them to breathe atmospheric air.

At 2.5–3 cm, these juveniles are small but will grow up to 15 cm (6 inches), making them a beautiful yet formidable centerpiece for predator or species-specific aquariums.

✅ Key Features

• Size: 2.5–3 cm juvenile; adults reach 15 cm

• Temperament: Semi-aggressive, predatory

• Care Level: Moderate (requires live/frozen diet and proper setup)

• Lifespan: 8–10 years with good care

• Special Trait: Leopard-like spots and labyrinth breathing ability

Care Guide for Leopard Ctenopoma

✅ Tank Requirements

• Minimum Tank Size: 150 liters (40 gallons) for one adult

• Aquascape: Heavily planted tank with driftwood and plenty of hiding spots

• Lighting: Low to moderate – mimics their natural shady habitat

• Filtration: Strong and stable filtration with gentle water movement

• Lid Required: Necessary, as this species can jump out of the tank

✅ Water Parameters

• Temperature: 24°C – 28°C (75°F – 82°F)

• pH Level: 6.0 – 7.5

• Water Hardness: Soft to moderately hard

• Maintenance: Weekly water changes of 25–30%

Leopard Ctenopoma thrives in soft, slightly acidic water with plenty of cover, simulating African blackwater conditions.

✅ Feeding Habits

Leopard Ctenopoma are carnivorous ambush predators, relying on stealth and patience.

• Recommended Diet:

  • Live foods (small fish, insects, worms)

  • Frozen foods (bloodworms, brine shrimp, krill)

  • High-protein pellets (for predatory fish)

Feed once daily and avoid overfeeding to maintain water quality.

✅ Tank Mates

Due to their predatory nature, tank mates must be chosen carefully.

Suitable Companions:

• Medium to large, non-aggressive fish (Cichlids, Bichirs)

• Robust species that cannot fit into their mouth

Avoid small fish and invertebrates, as they will be considered food.

✅ Behavior & Breeding

• Behavior: Nocturnal, shy during the day, and prefers hiding spots

• Personality: Intelligent ambush hunter

• Breeding: Rare in captivity; requires soft, acidic water and surface plants for bubble nesting

Why Choose Leopard Ctenopoma?

• Unique leopard-like pattern for a striking display

• Interesting predatory behavior and labyrinth breathing ability

• Perfect for experienced aquarists seeking exotic African species

✅ Ideal for predator aquariums and African biotope setups
✅ A rare, fascinating addition for serious fishkeepers