Pseudogastromyzon laticeps, commonly known as the Hillstream Butterfly Loach or Twig Catfish, is a unique and fascinating species of freshwater fish. Native to fast-flowing streams in Southeast Asia, these loaches are adapted to environments with strong currents. Here are the key features and care requirements for Pseudogastromyzon laticeps:

Key Features:

• Appearance: Hillstream Butterfly Loaches have a flattened body and a distinct appearance resembling a small stingray. They have a unique coloration with dark bands and a mottled pattern.
• Suction Cup Mouth: Adapted to their natural habitat, these loaches have a specialized, flattened mouth that acts like a suction cup, allowing them to cling to surfaces in fast-flowing water.

Size:

• Adult Hillstream Butterfly Loaches can reach a size of around 3 to 4 inches (7.5 to 10 centimeters).

Water Conditions:

• Temperature: Maintain cooler water temperatures between 68°F to 76°F (20°C to 24°C).
• pH Levels: Aim for slightly acidic to neutral water conditions, ideally between 6.5 to 7.5.
• Water Flow: Provide a well-oxygenated aquarium with strong water flow to mimic their natural habitat.

Tank Setup:

• Aquarium Size: A tank of at least 20 gallons is recommended.
• Substrate: Use smooth substrate like rounded pebbles or sand to prevent injuries to their specialized mouths.
• Decoration: Mimic their natural habitat with rocks, driftwood, and artificial plants. They appreciate hiding spots and areas with moderate to strong water flow.

Tank Mates:

• Hillstream Butterfly Loaches are generally peaceful but can be territorial, especially during breeding.
• Compatible tank mates include other peaceful fish that prefer similar cool-water conditions.

Feeding Habits:

• Hillstream Butterfly Loaches are primarily herbivores. Offer a varied diet that includes sinking algae wafers, spirulina-based pellets, and blanched vegetables.

Care and Maintenance:

• Regular water changes are crucial to maintain water quality.
• Ensure proper filtration and water movement to simulate their natural habitat.

Behavior:

• These loaches are active swimmers, and their suction-cup mouths allow them to cling to surfaces.
• They may display territorial behavior, especially during breeding.

Breeding Behavior:

• Breeding Hillstream Butterfly Loaches in captivity can be challenging.
• Replicate their natural habitat conditions, including cooler temperatures and strong water flow.